Advisory Details

July 31st, 2025

(Pwn2Own) QNAP QHora-322 system.db Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key Authentication Bypass Vulnerability

CVE ID
CVSS SCORE	8.1, AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
AFFECTED VENDORS	QNAP
AFFECTED PRODUCTS	QHora-322
VULNERABILITY DETAILS	This vulnerability allows remote attackers to bypass authentication on affected installations of QNAP QHora-322 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the storage of credentials. The issue results from the use of a hard-coded cryptographic key. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to bypass authentication on the system.
ADDITIONAL DETAILS	QNAP has issued an update to correct this vulnerability. More details can be found at: https://www.qnap.com/en-us/security-advisories
DISCLOSURE TIMELINE	2024-12-02 - Vulnerability reported to vendor 2025-07-31 - Coordinated public release of advisory 2025-07-31 - Advisory Updated
CREDIT	Benjamin Walny, Neodyme AG

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