(Pwn2Own) QNAP QHora-322 Improper Restriction of Communication Channel to Intended Endpoints Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

July 31st, 2025
ZDI-25-739 ZDI-CAN-25634

CVE ID

CVSS Score

6.6 AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected Vendors

QNAP

Affected Products

QHora-322

Vulnerability Details

This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of QNAP QHora-322 routers. Although authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability, the existing authentication mechanism can be bypassed.

The specific flaw exists within the SSH daemon. The issue results from exposing SSH on the WAN side of the router by installing a debug firmware build, which an attacker can accomplish by abusing other vulnerabilities. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute code in the context of root.


Additional Details

QNAP has issued an update to correct this vulnerability. More details can be found at:
https://www.qnap.com/en-us/security-advisories

Disclosure Timeline

  • 2024-12-02 - Vulnerability reported to vendor
  • 2025-07-31 - Coordinated public release of advisory
  • 2025-07-31 - Advisory Updated

Credit

Sina Kheirkhah (@SinSinology) of Summoning Team (@SummoningTeam)

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